Reptiles are increasingly kept as pets, and reports of neoplasms in these species have risen. However, reptile oncology remains less characterized than in mammals. A 2024 review in Veterinary Clinics: Exotic Animal Practice notes that chromatophoromas—pigmented cell tumors—are among the most common neoplasms in leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius).
Diagnosis relies on histopathological examination of biopsy samples. These tumors often appear as raised, pigmented masses on the skin. Surgical excision is the primary treatment, with prognosis depending on completeness of removal and absence of metastasis. A 2023 case series in Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine reported successful outcomes in 8 of 10 geckos after surgery.
No specific breed or sex predisposition has been confirmed, but age may be a factor, with most cases in geckos over 5 years old. Owners should monitor for new or changing skin lesions and consult a veterinarian experienced in reptile medicine.
