A large South Korean study published in The BMJ on April 30, 2026, found no increased risk of psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorders, such as ADHD and autism, in children whose mothers took sedatives during pregnancy. The findings offer reassurance to clinicians and pregnant women, say researchers.
The study analyzed data from over 1.5 million mother-child pairs in South Korea, using national health insurance records. It compared children exposed to benzodiazepines or z-drugs (like zolpidem) in utero to those not exposed, adjusting for maternal mental health and other confounders.
Results showed no significant association between prenatal exposure and later diagnoses of ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, or other psychiatric conditions. The researchers emphasized that the absolute risk remained low in both groups.
Experts caution that the study is observational and cannot prove causation, but it provides strong evidence against a direct link. They advise that pregnant women should still discuss any medication use with their doctor.
