The social and solidarity economy (SSE) is increasingly recognized as a vital alternative to traditional economic models, prioritizing social and environmental objectives over profit maximization. According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), the SSE encompasses cooperatives, mutual benefit societies, associations, foundations, and social enterprises that produce goods and services while pursuing social and environmental goals.
Globally, the SSE sector is significant. The ILO estimates that cooperatives alone employ around 280 million people worldwide, and there are approximately 3 million cooperatives. In the European Union, the SSE accounts for over 13.6 million jobs, representing about 6.3% of total employment, according to the European Commission.
Recent policy developments underscore the growing institutional support for the SSE. In 2023, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution on promoting the social and solidarity economy for sustainable development, encouraging member states to integrate SSE into their national policies. The European Commission launched the Transition Pathway for the Proximity and Social Economy in 2021, aiming to support the green and digital transitions of the sector.
Despite its potential, the SSE faces challenges such as limited access to finance, regulatory barriers, and lack of visibility. However, with increasing recognition from international bodies and governments, the SSE is poised to play a key role in building more inclusive and sustainable economies.
