Montana's new public land-swap policy, enacted in early 2026, is facing a legal challenge from outdoor access groups. The policy allows the state to exchange public lands with private entities without requiring public hearings or environmental reviews, according to court filings reviewed by news outlets.
The lawsuit, filed on June 10, 2026, in Lewis and Clark County District Court, argues that the policy violates the Montana Constitution, which mandates that public lands be held in trust for the people. Plaintiffs include the Montana Wildlife Federation and Backcountry Hunters & Anglers.
State officials defend the policy as a tool to consolidate land holdings and improve management efficiency. However, critics say it could lead to loss of public access and habitat fragmentation. The case is ongoing.
